当一个单元格正常分裂时，它将制成每个染色体的副本，然后在两个新单元格之间平均共享。该功能是由一个称为的单元格中的复杂机器执行的有丝分裂纺锤体。

如果此阶段出现问题，两个新的单元将是非整倍体，这意味着它们将没有正确数量的染色体，并且在共享遗传信息时会犯错。

Cancer cells are非整倍体, so understanding how and why this happens is hugely significant in finding out how the disease originates.

Professor Stephen Royle’s research team at Warwick Medical School has identified exactly this.

They found that some chromosomes can get lost and trapped in a tangle of membranes that exist in an area around the cell’sspindle，防止染色体正确共享并导致可能引起癌症的异常细胞分裂。

They made their discovery by performing a sort of ‘surgery’ on living cells. The researchers invented a way to remove the tangle of membranes in which chromosomes get trapped, and as a result the chromosomes were rescued by thespindle, thus enabling normal healthy cell division.

这首先证明，染色体被捕获到这些膜上是形成癌细胞的直接危险因素。了解这种风险可以导致更有效的癌症预防。

沃里克医学院细胞生物学教授斯蒂芬·罗伊尔（Stephen Royle）评论说：“许多从事细胞部门的科学家专注于主轴：它的工作原理以及为什么在癌症中犯错误。在本文中，我们转移了聚光灯，并查看了分裂细胞内的膜。”

Dr Nuria Ferrandiz, lead author of the study, said: "We found that chromosomes can get trapped in membranes and this is a disaster for the dividing cell. It has the potential to change a normal cell into a cancer cell. Preventing this process may be a way to treat disease."

参考：Ferrandiz N, Downie L, Starling GP, Royle SJ. Endomembranes promote chromosome missegregation by ensheathing misaligned chromosomes. 2022:2021.04.23.441091. doi:10.1101/2021.04.23.441091

本文已从以下内容重新发布materials。注意：材料可能已被编辑有关长度和内容。有关更多信息，请联系引用的来源。